Strongly Electroweak Phase Transition with ,[object Object],(1) ,[object Object], Gauged Nonzero Hypercharge Triplet
Seong Chan Park (Department of Physics, IPAP, Lab for Dark Universe, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea)
; Anirban Biswas (Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Humanities, SR University, Warangal 506371, India, India, Department of Physics, Gaya College (A constituent unit of Magadh University, Bodh Gaya), Gaya 823001, India)
; Shilpa Jangid (Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (APCTP) – Headquarters San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Korea, Shiv Nadar IoE Deemed to be University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India)
The extension of the Standard Model Higgs doublet with three nonzero hypercharge triplets is examineled in this article. The triplets are charged under additional ,[object Object], symmetry. We investigate the stability of the electroweak vacuum at both the tree level and the two-loop level. It is observed that the vacuum stability can be satisfied up to the Planck scale using two-loop ,[object Object],-functions. In contrast, due to the increase in the positive effect from triplet degrees of freedom, the perturbative unitarity can be satisfied only up to ,[object Object], GeV. The parameter space allowed from the Planck scale stability is checked for the strongly electroweak first-order phase transition. The model satisfies the strongly first-order phase transition for the triplet bare mass parameters up to the TeV scale due to the sufficient contribution to the cubic term from the triplet degrees of freedom. It is observed that this model foresees a strongly first-order phase transition for all mass ranges until the degrees of freedom become heavy enough to decouple from the thermal bath. The benchmark points satisfying the strongly first-order phase transition are tested for gravitational-wave signatures. The benchmark points that are allowed from the Planck scale stability, strongly first-order phase transition also comes out to lie in the detectable frequency range of the LISA and BBO experiments.