Quotient quiver subtraction is a simple combinatorial prescription for gauging Coulomb branch isometry subgroups of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 quiver gauge theories. This paper uses Type IIB brane constructions with O5 planes to extend the prescription to gauge Sp($\textit{n}$), SO($\textit{n}$), and Sp($\textit{n}$) coupled to a half-hypermultiplet Coulomb branch isometry subgroups of quivers with unitary gauge groups. The gauging procedure is no longer solely a subtraction — additional steps change the graph type. The method is applied to provide alternative constructions of the Higgs branch of certain SCFTs in higher dimensions.

United Kingdom

Sam Bennett

Amihay Hanany

Guhesh Kumaran

Quotient quiver subtraction — Classical groups

Euclidean path integrals can be used to prepare states of a Lorentzian QFT. So long as any sources are turned off on the $\textit{t}$ = 0 surface, the resulting Lorentzian states all belong to the same Hilbert space. Constructing more states than allowed by the Lorentzian density of states means that the resulting states must be linearly dependent. For large amplitude sources and a fixed cutoff on energy, the AdS bulk dual of this effect has been conjectured to be captured by spacetime wormholes. Wormholes should then be generic in the presence of large such Euclidean sources; i.e., at large source amplitude one should find wormholes unless the source is fine-tuned in some way.

Canada

United States

Xiaoyi Liu

Donald Marolf

Jorge Santos

Are $\textit{S}$ 1 × $\textit{S}$ 2 wormholes generic with large sources?

Renormalization group equations play a central role in effective field theories, both maintaining perturbative control and allowing one to determine the correct low-energy phenomenology. In this work, we complete the one-loop renormalization of the recently developed general effective field theory up to mass dimension six by providing the beta functions for physical fermionic operators. Together with ref. [1], our results allow one to renormalize any effective theory up to dimension six at one loop using only a group-theoretical calculation.

Spain

Renato Fonseca

Italy

Pablo Olgoso

José Santiago

Renormalization of general effective field theories: renormalization of fermionic operators

We compare the sensitivity of the upcoming long-baseline neutrino experiments Protvino to Super-ORCA (P2SO) and the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to non-unitarity (NU) of the leptonic mixing matrix in a model-independent framework. NU can arise in theories beyond the Standard Model that include heavy neutral leptons. These effects can modify neutrino oscillation probabilities and introduce new sources of CP violation, which may affect precision measurements of neutrino parameters. We find that DUNE provides stronger bounds on $\textit{α}$ and |$\textit{α}$ |, while P2SO shows better sensitivity to $\textit{α}$ and $\textit{α}$ , mainly due to its longer baseline and stronger matter effects. Our results show that DUNE (P2SO) will be able to improve the current bounds of $\textit{α}$ ($\textit{α}$ ). We further examine correlations with standard oscillation parameters and quantify the impact of NU on mass hierarchy, octant, and CP-violation sensitivities. Our results show that these sensitivities depend upon NU in a non-trivial way interconnecting the parameter degeneracies and matter effects. Our results demonstrate the complementarity of P2SO and DUNE in probing NU and show that NU can significantly influence next-generation precision oscillation studies.

India

Sambit Pusty

Samiran Roy

Croatia

Monojit Ghosh

Rukmani Mohanta

Probing non-unitarity of the PMNS matrix in P2SO and comparison with DUNE

Invariance of on-shell scattering amplitudes under field redefinitions is a well known property in field theory that corresponds to covariance of on-shell amputated connected functions. In recent years there have been great efforts to define a formalism in which the covariance is manifest at all stages of calculation, mainly resorting to geometrical interpretations. In this work covariance is analysed using combinatorial methods relying only on the properties of the tree level effective action, without referring to specific formulations of the Lagrangian. We provide an explicit proof of covariance of on-shell connected functions and of the existence of covariant Feynman rules and we derive an explicitly covariant closed formula for tree level on-shell connected functions with any number of external legs.

Switzerland

Mohammad Alminawi

Covariance of scattering amplitudes from counting carefully

At a level too faint for astronomy, particle dark matter may interact with Standard Model states via the photon. We derive limits from direct detection experiments on photon-mediated nuclear interactions up to operator dimension-6, viz., via a millicharge, charge radius, electric and magnetic dipole moment, and anapole moment, up to dark matter masses ≲ 10 GeV, where detectors become flux-limited. We derive constraints for XENON1T, XENONnT, LZ, PANDAX-II, PANDAX-4T, DarkSide-50, DEAP-3600, PICO-60, and CDMS-II, and estimate future sensitivities for the multi-deca-tonne scale experiments DarkSide-20k, DARWIN/XLZD, PANDAX-xT, and Argo. Special attention is paid to millicharged dark matter, for which we constrain new parameter space by deriving the ceiling on sensitivity to its electric charge, arising from the nuclear-vs-electron recoil discriminants used in liquid argon and bubble chamber detectors. This result goes beyond ceilings previously identified in liquid xenon and semiconductor detectors from electron recoil vetoes. In particular, the ceiling from PICO-60 closes a large window between direct detection and neutrino experiment limits for dark matter masses below 10 GeV.

Jason Kumar

Biprajit Mondal

Girish Muralidhara

Nirmal Raj

Direct detection of electromagnetically interacting ultraheavy dark matter

We present a reanalysis of archived data from the ALEPH experiment at LEP in the $$ Z\to q\overline{q} $$ final state. We apply modern jet flavour tagging techniques to improve the separation between the different hadronic decay channels of the Z boson, achieving up to one order of magnitude improvement in misidentification rate for b- and c-quark jets compared to the legacy algorithms used for the most recent ALEPH results, for the same identification efficiency. We also present the first implementation of strange quark jet tagging with LEP data, which allows for the selection of a $$ Z\to s\overline{s} $$ enriched event sample. These improvements in the flavour tagging performance are achieved by leveraging the lifetime, particle identification, and secondary vertex information, as well as modern classifiers based on a deep learning approach. We also demonstrate the calibration of the tagger in data using a tag-and-probe method, obtaining good data to simulation agreement for all quark flavours. These results pave the way for improved measurements of electroweak precision observables with LEP archived data, and can serve as a guidance for the development of detectors and algorithms for future electron-positron colliders.

Matteo Defranchis

Jacopo Fanini

Iran

Apranik Fatehi

Gerardo Ganis

Taj Gillin

Loukas Gouskos

Luka Lambrecht

Michele Selvaggi

Birgit Stapf

Modern jet flavour tagging in hadronic Z decays with archived ALEPH data

We study constraints imposed by four-dimensional unitarity (formalised as graded unitarity in recent work by the first author) on possible $$ {\mathcal{W}}_3 $$ vertex algebras arising from four-dimensions via the SCFT/VOA correspondence. Under the assumption that the $$ \mathbf{\mathfrak{R}} $$ -filtration is a weight-based filtration with respect to the usual strong generators of the vertex algebra, we demonstrate that all values of the central charge other than those of the (3, $\textit{q}$ + 4) minimal models are incompatible with four-dimensional unitarity. These algebras are precisely the ones that are realised by performing principal Drinfel’d-Sokolov reduction to boundary-admissible $$ {\mathbf{\mathfrak{sl}}}_3 $$ affine current algebras; those affine algebras were singled out by a similar graded unitarity analysis in [1]. Furthermore, these particular vertex algebras are known to be associated with the ($\textit{A}$ , $\textit{A}$ ) Argyres-Douglas theories.

Christopher Beem

Harshal Kulkarni

Towards a classification of graded unitary $$ {\mathcal{W}}_3 $$ algebras

For vector/AdS and dS holography we establish the structure of the emergent Hilbert space. This is done through implementation of finite $\textit{N}$ trace relations on the infinite collective space. For fermionic theories a finite Hilbert space is established, while for bosonic theories a space of freely acting primaries multiplied by a finite set of secondaries emerges. The Hilbert space of states obey finite $\textit{N}$ cut off bounds, implying finiteness of traces and entropy.

China

South Africa

Robert Mello Koch

Antal Jevicki

South Korea

Junggi Yoon

Finite $\textit{N}$ Hilbert spaces of bilocal holography

We realize a homological block of a knot complement in $\textit{S}$ for $\textit{G}$ = SL(2, $\textit{ℂ}$) as a half-index of a 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 theory via an expression of the homological block as an inverted Habiro series by working out some examples, which we expect to extend to general knots. Also, by choosing a certain set of poles in the integral expression of the half-index, we obtain the colored Jones polynomial.

Hee-Joong Chung

3d-3d correspondence and abelian flat connection