We calculate the valence quark transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs) of the lightest pseudoscalar meson, pions, in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter at zero temperature by employing a light-cone quark model. The medium modifications in the pion unpolarized TMDs are induced through the effective quark masses computed using the chiral SU(3) quark mean field model. The spin densities at different momentum fraction (x) have also been calculated at different baryonic densities.

India

Does nuclear medium affect the transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions of valence quark of pions?

We provide a simple proof of why the Love number vanishes for extremal Reissner-Nordstrøm and Kerr-Newman black holes. The argument is based on a conformal inversion isometry of the spacetime connecting the horizon with large distances.

Greece

Switzerland

A short note on the Love number of extremal Reissner-Nordstrøm and Kerr-Newman black holes

Regarding the proximity of dark energy scale and neutrino mass, one can get new insight into the probe signatures of vector field dark energy component on neutrino flavor conversion. A vector field is assumed to be conformally coupled to various matter components through a screening paradigm. We show how the oscillation probabilities evolve differently with a finite-size matter density like the Sun for different values of relevant model parameters. Considering existing neutrino flavor conversion data, we point out how this non-standard coupling affects neutrino fluxes, and also, we compute the discrepancy in the total flux of solar electron-neutrinos.

Iran

Imprints of vector field non-standard couplings on solar neutrino flux

The production cross sections of <math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> and <math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub></math>, the <math><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> quarkonia can be predicted in Non-Relativistic Quantum Chromodynamics (NRQCD) using heavy quark symmetry. Our study includes predictions for both the integrated cross-section and the transverse momentum (<math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math>) distribution of <math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> (<math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub></math>) production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), using the decay process <math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>→</mo><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>γ</mi></math>, <math><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>η</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>→</mo><mi>p</mi><mover><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover></math>. We demonstrate substantial discrepancies in integrated cross-section and the <math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math> distribution of <math><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> quarkonia production at the LHC using Colour-Singlet Model (CSM), NRQCD and modified NRQCD. Measuring these resonances at the LHC could discriminate between these models, thereby offering further insights into the dynamics of quarkonium production. In addition, we compare the recent LHCb data for the integrated cross-section of <math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> production at <math><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt></math> = 13 TeV in the kinematic range 5.0 &lt; <math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math> &lt; 20.0 GeV and 2.0 &lt; y &lt; 4.0 with the theoretical predictions using NRQCD and modified NRQCD. Modified NRQCD gives an agreement with the recent LHCb experimental data.

Predictions for And production at the LHC

The correct expression for the change in black hole entropy is provided.

Italy

Erratum to “Black holes, warp drives, and energy conditions” [Phys. Lett. B 856 (2024) 138910]

We propose a novel test to assess the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, <math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>CKM</mi></mrow></msub></math>, at present and future collider experiments. Our strategy makes use of the <math><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math> production cross section to directly probe the <math><msubsup><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>CKM</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>†</mi></mrow></msubsup><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>CKM</mi></mrow></msub></math> product, which regulates the high-energy behavior of the observable. The violation of unitarity is signaled by an anomalous behavior of the cross section that grows quadratically with the <math><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math> invariant mass with respect to the Standard Model prediction. By using the recent ATLAS measurements of the <math><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math> cross section we are able to constrain the maximal unitarity violation allowed by current data, producing a bound complementary to the results of flavor physics experiments. Forecasts for the high luminosity phase of the LHC and for the future 100 TeV hadron collider are also discussed.

Estonia

Testing the CKM unitarity at high energy via the production at the LHC and future colliders

We propose a scenario in which the matter-antimatter asymmetry arises following the post-electroweak spontaneous breaking of baryon (B) number symmetry. This B-symmetry undergoes a first-order phase transition, which can be sufficiently violent to generate gravitational waves across a broad parameter space. Specifically, we explore a concrete realization of this mechanism that induces a Majorana mass for the neutron, rather than the neutrino. We demonstrate that this model exhibits rich phenomenology, including the generation of gravitational waves from baryon first-order phase transitions (B-FOPTs) and implications for neutron-antineutron oscillations.

China

Baryon violating first order phase transitions and gravitational waves

We investigate detailed properties of imaginary rotating matter with gluons and quarks at high temperature. Previously, we showed that imaginary rotation induces perturbative confinement of gluons at the rotation center. We perturbatively calculate the Polyakov loop potential and find inhomogeneous confinement above a certain threshold of imaginary angular velocity. We also evaluate the quark contribution to the Polyakov loop potential and confirm that spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking occurs in the perturbatively confined phase.

United States

Japan

Inhomogeneous confinement and chiral symmetry breaking induced by imaginary angular velocity

We explore the possibility that the initial transverse momentum distribution of unpolarized and polarized partons within unpolarized nucleons, both with and without the anisotropy of unpolarized hadrons produced in the fragmentation of outgoing partons, could lead to the observed azimuthal anisotropy of high transverse momentum (high-<math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math>) hadrons produced in high energy proton-proton (p-p) or proton-ion (p-A) collisions. Including simple Gaussian forms for transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (PDF) and fragmentation functions, and assuming an <math><msup><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math> enhancement of a PDF in p-Pb collisions, we show that the observed anisotropy, with no modification to the angle integrated spectra (<math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math>) for 5 GeV <math><mo>≲</mo><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≲</mo><mn>50</mn></math> GeV, can be straightforwardly understood as arising from a few processes dominated by gluon-gluon to gluon-gluon scattering.

Azimuthal anisotropy at high transverse momentum in - And - Collisions

Jet-associated deuteron production in pp collisions at <math><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn></math> TeV and p-Pb collisions at <math><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>5.02</mn></math> TeV is studied in the coalescence model by using the phase-space information of proton and neutron pairs from a multiphase transport (AMPT) model at the kinetic freezeout. In the low transverse momentum (<math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math>) region <math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1.5</mn></math> GeV/c, where A is the mass number of a nucleus, the in-jet coalescence factor <math><msubsup><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mtext>In-jet</mtext></mrow></msubsup></math> for deuteron production, given by the ratio of the in-jet deuteron number to the square of the in-jet proton number, is found to be larger than the coalescence factor <math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math> in the medium perpendicular to the jet by a factor of about 10 in pp collisions and of 25 in p−Pb collisions, which are consistent with the ALICE measurements at the LHC. Such large low-momentum enhancements mainly come from coalescence of nucleons inside the jet with the medium nucleons. Coalescence of nucleons inside the jet dominates deuteron production only at the higher <math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math> region of <math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>≳</mo><mn>4</mn></math> GeV/c, where both the yield ratio <math><mi>d</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>p</mi></math> of deuteron to proton numbers and the <math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math> are also significantly larger in the jet direction than in the direction perpendicular to the jet due to the strong collinear correlation among particles produced from jet fragmentation. Studying jet-associated deuteron production in relativistic nuclear collisions thus opens up a new window to probe the phase-space structure of nucleons inside jets.